{"id":22,"date":"2024-01-20T09:55:52","date_gmt":"2024-01-20T09:55:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/?page_id=22"},"modified":"2026-03-05T11:51:50","modified_gmt":"2026-03-05T11:51:50","slug":"cholera","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/cholera\/","title":{"rendered":"Cholera"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"22\" class=\"elementor elementor-22\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a55817b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a55817b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ecff9da e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ecff9da\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-662ab38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"662ab38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cholera is a vaccine-preventable disease, consider  DUKORAL<sup>\u00ae1<\/sup> <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9815cf0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9815cf0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-816aa59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"816aa59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cholera is an important public health problem worldwide and is endemic in 69 countries<sup>18,19<\/sup><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ac2fc8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ac2fc8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAccording to the World Health Organization, researchers have estimated 1.3 to 4 million cholera cases occur annually, and 21,000 to 143,000 deaths worldwide.<sup>19<\/sup> \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86424e7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"86424e7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c664b4a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c664b4a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f215c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"84f215c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cholera trends worldwide<sup>20,21<\/sup> <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea280a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ea280a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe world is currently experiencing a <strong>global resurgence of cholera<\/strong>, with an estimated <strong>1 billion people at risk worldwide<\/strong>.<sup>20<\/sup> \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dbb0aad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dbb0aad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSince the beginning of 2024 alone, outbreaks have been reported in 33 countries, with more than 511,000 cases and 4100 deaths worldwide.<sup>20<\/sup> \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d3306e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6d3306e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-888556c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"888556c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba0b203 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ba0b203\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3bbc73e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3bbc73e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The five countries reporting <span style=\"color:var( --e-global-color-primary )\">most new cases<\/span> are:<sup>21<\/sup> <\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45b2bf9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"45b2bf9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul style=\"padding: 0; list-style: none; margin-left: -20px;\">\n \t<li>Afghanistan (123,416)<\/li>\n \t<li>Yemen (74,452)<\/li>\n \t<li>Sudan (62,315)<\/li>\n \t<li>South Sudan (53,602)<\/li>\n \t<li>Democratic Republic of The Congo (46,832)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f9a37d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7f9a37d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-177f685 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"177f685\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ada1fcb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ada1fcb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The five countries reporting <span style=\"color:var( --e-global-color-primary )\">most new deaths<\/span> are:<sup>21<\/sup> <\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc58ac2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cc58ac2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul style=\"padding: 0; list-style: none; margin-left: -20px;\"><li>Sudan (1,749)<\/li><li>Democratic Republic of The Congo (1,507)<\/li><li>South Sudan (862)<\/li><li>Nigeria (468)<\/li><li>Angola (344)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d09139f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d09139f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCholera is an acute intestinal infection caused by the bacterium <em>Vibrio cholera<\/em>, which can lead to profuse and watery diarrhea, and if not treated properly, severe dehydration and death. DUKORAL<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> is not indicated to reduce dehydration or prevent death.<sup>1,19<\/sup>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc1ec42 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fc1ec42\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tInfection is acquired primarily by ingesting contaminated water or food; person-to-person transmission is rare.<sup>22<\/sup>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2db24f6 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2db24f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Worldwide distribution of cholera cases (August to October 2025): <sup>21<\/sup><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a08e91 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9a08e91\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1131\" src=\"https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dukoral_Map_Cholera_v2-scaled.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2211\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dukoral_Map_Cholera_v2-scaled.png 2560w, https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dukoral_Map_Cholera_v2-300x133.png 300w, https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dukoral_Map_Cholera_v2-1024x452.png 1024w, https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dukoral_Map_Cholera_v2-768x339.png 768w, https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dukoral_Map_Cholera_v2-1536x678.png 1536w, https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dukoral_Map_Cholera_v2-2048x905.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9eb1d24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9eb1d24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAdapted from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2025).<sup>21<\/sup>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-62e1eaf e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"62e1eaf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4b2530 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f4b2530\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Risk factors<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7af1ecf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7af1ecf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPopulations with increased susceptibility to cholera and LT-producing ETEC diarrhea and who are at higher risk for more severe disease include:<sup>1<\/sup>\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n \t<li>Persons with achlorhydia<\/li>\n \t<li>Persons with previous gastrectomy<\/li>\n \t<li>Persons with history of repeated severe diarrhea<\/li>\n \t<li>Young children >2 years<\/li>\n \t<li>Immunosuppressed individuals due to HIV infection with depressed CD4 count or other immunodeficiency states<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fce95f0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fce95f0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1069720 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1069720\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Advise your patients to take precautions while ingesting food and water and to maintain thorough personal hygiene while travelling<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83f2693 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"83f2693\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhen it comes to cholera, <strong>the following precautions should be taken while travelling<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"ul\">\n \t<li><strong>Foods should be well-cooked<\/strong> and served warm<sup>16<\/sup><\/li>\n \t<li><strong>Raw vegetables, uncooked meat or seafood<\/strong>, and other foods maintained at room temperature <strong>should be avoided<\/strong><sup>16<\/sup><\/li>\n \t<li><strong>Tap water and ice<\/strong> (including frozen drinks not made from filtered water) <strong>are also high-risk<\/strong><sup>16<\/sup><\/li>\n \t<li><b>Carbonated beverages, beer and wine, hot coffee<\/b> and <b>tea, fruits that can be peeled,<\/b> and <b>canned products<\/b> generally are <b>safe<\/b><sup>16<\/sup><\/li>\n \t<li>The <strong>risk for developing cholera increases when eating at restaurants<\/strong> and when purchasing <b>food from street vendors<\/b><sup>16<\/sup><\/li>\n \t<li><strong>Frequent hand washing<\/strong> with soap and <b>clean water<\/b> will decrease the likelihood of the bacteria spreading, especially to others that you may be travelling with<sup>16<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9804a40 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9804a40\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\"><strong>DUKORAL<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> should be used in accordance with official recommendations taking into account the epidemiological variability and the risk of contracting diarrheal illness in different geographical areas and in different conditions of travel.<sup>1<\/sup><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;\"><strong>DUKORAL<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> should not replace standard preventive hygiene measures. Rehydration measures must be taken in case of diarrhea.<sup>1<\/sup><\/strong><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c269048 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c269048\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8db77c7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8db77c7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90203d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"90203d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContact with contaminated food and beverages may be frequent and unforeseen. \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c323581 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c323581\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDiscuss preventative measures for cholera with your patients, including DUKORAL<sup>\u00ae<\/sup>, at least 2 weeks prior to their trip abroad.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa082f0 elementor-align-center elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"aa082f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-lg\" href=\"https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/about-dukoral\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Learn more about DUKORAL<sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cholera is a vaccine-preventable disease, consider DUKORAL\u00ae1 Cholera is an important public health problem worldwide and is endemic in 69 countries18,19 According to the World Health Organization, researchers have estimated 1.3 to 4 million cholera cases occur annually, and 21,000 to 143,000 deaths worldwide.19 Cholera trends worldwide20,21 The world is currently experiencing a global resurgence [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-22","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22"}],"version-history":[{"count":61,"href":"https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2258,"href":"https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22\/revisions\/2258"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/myclientwebsite.com\/dukoralcanada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}